China Adds Hezhe Imakan to UNESCO Intangible Heritage List

Traditional Hezhe Imakan fishing tools and nets.

On December 11, 2023, during its 20th ordinary session, the Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of UNESCO made a significant decision to elevate China's "Hezhe Ethnic Imakan" from the Urgent Safeguarding List to the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. This marks a notable achievement in the preservation of cultural heritage, showcasing the effectiveness of safeguarding efforts.

The "Hezhe Ethnic Imakan" is a rich oral tradition that embodies the history, customs, and lifestyle of the Hezhe people, an ethnic group from northeastern China. Rendered in the Hezhe language, this unique form integrates free verse and narrative singing, capturing the essence of their heroic tales, fishing practices, and moral values. It serves multiple purposes including historical documentation, education for future generations, and entertainment.

Since its initial inclusion on the Urgent Safeguarding List in 2011, diverse stakeholders—including heritage bearers, social organizations, educational institutions, and government entities—have collaborated to strengthen the tradition's visibility and ensure its intergenerational transmission. This holistic approach has significantly enhanced community engagement and awareness around this cultural heritage.

Additionally, the Hezhe Ethnic Imakan Safeguarding Plan was recognized and included in the Registry of Good Safeguarding Practices, highlighting the comprehensive measures implemented to protect and promote this heritage. This dual accomplishment of transitioning to the Representative List while also gaining inclusion in the registry demonstrates a robust commitment to cultural preservation.

In December 2023, China submitted its third periodic report detailing the safeguarding status of the Hezhe Ethnic Imakan to UNESCO, which was favorably reviewed and acknowledged by the Committee during its session in December 2024. This acknowledgment reflects the dedication to preserving this integral aspect of Hezhe culture and emphasizes the need for continuous efforts in safeguarding and transmission, ensuring active community involvement in these initiatives.